http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Hedge_of_India
The Inland Customs Line which incorporated the Great Hedge of India
(or Indian Salt Hedge[1]) was a customs barrier built by the British
across India primarily to collect the salt tax.
By 1780 Warren Hastings, the Company's Governor-General of India, had
brought all salt manufacture in the Bengal Presidency under Company
control.[2] This allowed him to increase the ancient salt tax in
Bengal from 0.3 rupees per maund (37 kg) to 3.25 rupees per maund by
1788, a rate that it remained at until 1879.[3] This brought in a huge
amount of revenue for the company, amounting to 6,257,470 rupees for
the 1784–85 financial year, at the cost of the Indian consumer, who
would have to expend around 2 rupees per year (2 months' income for a
labourer) to provide salt for his family.[4] There were taxes on salt
in the other British India territories but the tax in Bengal was the
highest, with the other taxes at less than a third of the Bengal tax
rate.
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